تحلیل و نقدی بر نظریه رهبری تحول‌آفرین

نوع مقاله : علمی-تخصصی

چکیده

رهبری تحولی وقتی روی می‌دهد که رهبر و پیرو یکدیگر را به سطوح بالاتر ارزش‌ها و انگیزه‌ها ببرند و این محصول تأثیر تحولی متقابل رهبران و پیروان است.
رهبری تحولی با قلب و ذهن دیگران سرو‌کار دارد. رهبر تحولی به همه مشارکت‌کنندگان کمک می‌کند تا رضایت و انگیزش و احساس موفقیت بالاتری داشته باشند. رهبری تحولی بیش از آنکه به کنترل مستقیم نیاز داشته باشد به اعتماد، توجه به دیگران و تسهیل کارها نیاز دارد. شاخصه‌های رهبر تحولی مشتمل بر: بصیرت بلند مدت، توانمند کردن افراد، مربیگری، توسعه دیگران و چالش فرهنگی برای ایجاد تغییر است. در رهبری تحولی قدرت رهبر از ایجاد درک متقابل و اعتماد ناشی می‌شود.
سه سؤال اصلی درباره رهبری تحول‌آفرین مطرح است.
1. رهبری تحول‌آفرین چیست؟ 2. چگونه به‌کار گرفته می‌شود؟ 3. نقاط قوت و ضعف کلیدی نظریه رهبری تحولی چیست؟
سؤال اول و دوم با شیوه متن‌ پژوهی و مرور ادبیات تحقیق پاسخ داده شده است. برای پاسخ به سؤال سوم به دو شیوه عمل شده است. در ابتدا نظر محققان مدیریتی درباره رهبری تحولی گردآوری شده و در مرحله دوم از شیوه نقد درون‌ساختاری و برون‌ساختاری به بررسی و تحلیل گزاره‌های نظریه پرداخته شده است. در مجموع نظریه دارای نقاط قوت و ضعف و قابل تقویت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis and Critique of the Theory of Transformational Leadership

چکیده [English]

Transformational leadership occurs when the leader and the follower lead each other to higher levels of values and motivations. This is the product of mutual transformational influence of leaders and followers. Transformational leadership is concerned with the hearts and minds of others. Transformational leadership will help all participants to have higher satisfaction and motivation, and a greater sense of success. Transformational leadership requires trust, respect for others and facilitating needs rather than direct control. Transformational leadership indicators include: long – term discernment, empowering people, coaching, developing others and cultural challenges to generate changes. In transformational leadership, the power of the leader comes from creating mutual understanding and trust. There are three main questions concerning transformational leadership: 1) what is transformational leadership? 2) How to apply it? 3) What are key strengths and weaknesses of the theory of transformational leadership? The first and second questions have been answered by text study method and the literature review of research. To answer the third question two ways were considered: on the first, the views of management researchers were based. On the second, the propositions of the theory were investigated and analyzed by a critique within and outside the structure. On the whole, it was concluded that the theory has strengths and weaknesses and it can be strengthen.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transformational Leadership
  • Exchange Oriented Leadership
  • Critique within and outside the structure

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دوفصلنامه مطالعات دین، معنویت و مدیریت
دوره 3، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 5
فروردین 1393
صفحه 123-145

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