نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری قرآن و علوم، گرایش مدیریت، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم، ایران
2 استادیار پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی، قم، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه مدیریت پژوهشگاه حوزه و دانشگاه، قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Purpose: Organizational performance is an essential concept in organizations and one of the critical aspects of organizational activities. Thus, evaluating it, and at a higher level, managing it, is one of the most important issues in organizational and management studies that every organization needs. Achieving strategic objectives depends on the proper implementation of performance evaluation systems and effective management of organizational performance across various dimensions. Additionally, performance evaluation is one of the most significant scientific topics emphasized in Islamic and Quranic teachings, both at the individual and organizational levels. However, the proper and accurate implementation of this critical task in organizations requires clarifying two fundamental issues: the dimensions of performance and the criteria for performance and its evaluation. Without elucidating these two aspects, effective evaluation cannot be achieved.
Furthermore, these two topics are not only ambiguous and controversial in theoretical literature but also lack sufficient investigation from the perspective of Islamic teachings. Few studies have illuminated this subject from this perspective. Therefore, understanding what constitutes organizational performance, its dimensions, and the criteria for accurate performance and evaluation is significant.
The primary aim of this research was to clarify these two topics from the perspective of Islamic teachings. Consequently, the main research problem focused on the essence of performance dimensions, the criteria for organizational performance, and its evaluation from the viewpoint of Islamic principles.
Methodology: This research was conducted using a combined ījtīhād-analytical method. After formulating the primary and secondary research questions, the theoretical foundations of the subject were examined. Considering that, according to Islamic scholars, the most accepted and recognized research method in religious sources for deriving divine rulings is the " ījtīhādī method," this approach was utilized and extended to be applicable in the fields of humanities and management studies.
By reviewing the research sources, religious evidence relevant to the subject was identified. Finally, for categorizing and analyzing data concepts, extracting themes from the concepts, and ultimately developing a theory, the "thematic analysis" method was employed. The analysis of concepts and themes in this research was carried out in five steps. In the final stage, the research report was compiled, and a network of themes was developed and designed.
Findings: The research, through identifying three categories of themes—descriptive (246 themes), interpretative (74 themes), and relational (5 themes)—indicated that organizational performance from the perspective of Islamic teachings encompasses four dimensions: intention, inputs, activities or processes, and outcomes. Each of these four dimensions is evaluated within the organizational performance management process, and understanding these dimensions is crucial for accurate and proper performance evaluation.
The findings also revealed that the criteria for organizational performance include: Islam, truth, justice, public satisfaction, piety, righteous deeds, divine intention, goal attainment, and the ideal human being. Adherence to these criteria plays a fundamental role in ensuring the accuracy of organizational performance and the proper execution of activities from this perspective.
Additionally, the research findings highlight that the criteria for evaluating organizational performance are the same nine aforementioned criteria. Observing these criteria during performance evaluation is indispensable for ensuring the validity of the evaluation results from the perspective of the Islamic evaluation system.
Results: This study aimed to examine the dimensions and criteria of organizational performance, as well as the criteria for evaluating organizational performance, from the perspective of Islamic teachings. The research concluded that the dimensions of organizational performance from the perspective of Islamic teachings differ from those in conventional management views.
From the perspective of Islamic teachings, performance consists of four dimensions: inputs, processes, outputs, and intention, all of which are evaluated in the organizational performance management process. This contrasts with the conventional management perspective, which typically recognizes two or, at most, three dimensions of performance and does not consider intention as a conceptual dimension of performance. However, in Islam, intention is regarded as the most significant conceptual dimension of organizational performance.
Furthermore, the research findings showed that the criteria for organizational performance from the perspective of Islamic teachings differ from those of conventional management views. From an Islamic perspective, performance is evaluated based on nine criteria: Islam, truth, justice, public satisfaction, piety, righteous deeds, goal attainment, divine intention, and the ideal human being. The correctness and validity of organizational performance, from the viewpoint of Islamic teachings, depend on adherence to these criteria during organizational activities. In contrast, many of these criteria are not emphasized as performance standards in conventional management.
Additionally, the study revealed no difference between the criteria for organizational performance and those for evaluating organizational performance. That is, the same nine criteria identified as the standards for organizational performance in Islamic teachings also serve as the criteria for evaluating organizational performance. This implies that organizational performance evaluation is valid from this perspective only when conducted based on these nine criteria, unlike the conventional management view, which does not adhere to many of these standards in evaluating organizational performance.
کلیدواژهها [English]
* قرآن کریم
* نهجالبلاغه، ترجمه محمد دشتی.
* The Holy Quran. [In Persian]
* Nahj al-Balagha. Translated by Mohammad Dashti. [In Persian]
https://journals.isu.ac.ir/article_163.html
https://ipr.isri.ac.ir/article_114066.html
https://www.sid.ir/paper/463893/fa
https://www.cpjournals.com/article_158877.html
https://civilica.com/l/8260/
https://issk.sndu.ac.ir/article_292.html
https://frh.sccsr.ac.ir/article-1-373-fa.html
https://jpap.sbu.ac.ir/article_96303.html
http://ensani.ir/fa/article/464606/
https://www.sid.ir/paper/406908/fa
http://ensani.ir/fa/article/380005/
https://www.sid.ir/paper/227948/fa
https://rsm.rihu.ac.ir/article_2170.html
https://www.sid.ir/paper/480185/fa